health
Problem-Oriented Learning in Medicine

Problem-oriented learning (POL) means working on given problems in small groups (7-10 participants) using a structured approach in seven steps.
POL is used to integrate questions that arise in everyday work life early on in the training and to increase the practical relevance of the course based on the technical questions that arise.
The aim is to promote teamwork, practice working independently on practical issues and increase motivation for learning.
POL is interdisciplinary because all subject and basic questions can be asked in the respective problem context.
The seven processing steps of the POL
The seven steps are divided into three parts.
In steps 1 – 5, the students deal with a case in a session of 90 minutes, collect their previous knowledge in a brainstorming session, sort their thoughts and develop learning goals that are important to them. It would help if students have already taken IMAT course in advance; visit here for more information about IMAT course. Step 6 refers to self-study, i.e. the time in which the students work on the material that fits the learning goals alone or in subgroups.
The following week, the students meet again in the POL group and discuss the results of their research in step 7 in another session of 90 minutes. After a short break, this session is followed by the next unit of work with a new case.
POL as an example within medical studies
In medicine, the problems are usually patient stories. What is special about POL is that the focus of learning is on the application, in this case the clinical problem of a patient. POL combines pre-clinical and clinical knowledge from different disciplines.
The role of the tutor
It has proven useful to have the PBL groups accompanied by tutors who are already known to the students (albeit in a different role) as teachers from the preclinical and clinical settings.
The task of the tutor is to support the group in its self-organization as a learning assistant. The group should learn to follow the 7 processing steps, to give each other feedback and to comply with the self-imposed group rules. The tutors should tend to make them superfluous in the course of the group process and allow the group to work more and more independently. If tutors don’t have an answer to certain technical questions, they can admit it.
After all, they only represent an excerpt of what is discussed in the medical history with their subject. In this way, the students learn right from the start that doctors cannot know everything and are dependent on the specialist knowledge of their colleagues in the team.
Being a tutor requires skills that have rarely been the subject of medical training, so tutor training has been introduced to prepare for this new role.
Use of POL
There are very different ways of using POL in your studies. POL can be organized by students on their own initiative in addition to traditional studies or be part of the faculty curriculum. In the self-organized student groups, the students take on the leadership role.
At the University of Minnesota, two different variants of POL are currently integrated into the curriculum in medical training, which take into account the conditions of the parallel courses of study.
POL in the standard medical course
Since 2000 (supported by a new licensing regulation in 2004), the medical faculty of the RUB has succeeded in reforming the teaching in the pre-clinic and making it interdisciplinary and practice-oriented. The introduction of the POL, which has been taking place in the 4th semester of the standard medical course since the 2002 summer semester, played an important role here. POL is the only course located here in the second half of the semester.
The aim is to give students the opportunity to use the POL cases as part of the “Introduction to clinical medicine” course to place their preclinical knowledge in a clinical context, to understand clinical connections, to practice interdisciplinary thinking and to work as a team Organize support from the tutor yourself. The tutorials take place once a week. In addition, there is a lecture after the final case work in the POL groups. Here, an expert from the clinic answers unanswered questions and presents the case of the week from a clinical point of view. This event, like the POL tutorials, is a compulsory event.
POL in the medical model course
In the model course, which has been running parallel to the standard course since the 2003/2004 winter semester, POL structures the entire curriculum. The separation of preclinical and clinical is abolished in the model course.
From the first semester onwards, students at the POL learn the necessary basics in the context of clinical issues based on patient stories. The curriculum is divided into thematic blocks that build on each other.
The POL tutorials are supplemented in the weekly timetable by content-related seminars, internships and practical exercises, e.g., examination techniques.
The POL cases
The POL cases are developed by interdisciplinary teams from the preclinical and clinical departments, tested in practice and continuously revised. In addition to the pure description of the case, the students are given additional information (results of laboratory tests, further anamnestic data, ECG, X-rays, etc.) that can be helpful in processing the case. A POL case also contains background information on diagnosis and therapy for the tutors and the learning goals that the case authors anticipated with the case.
However, this information should not initially be accessible to the students, as this would contradict the idea of POL to develop their own learning goals. The following figure shows the different weighting of POL in the standard and model course.
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The role of the students
In the POL group, the students bear full responsibility for their own learning and the learning of the group. In each session, they reflect on what they already know about the case presented, what new questions arise and how they get good results.
At POL, students have the freedom to formulate those learning goals that are important to them. These can also be learning goals that are “next” to the topic and that were only inspired by the topic. Most of the time, however, these are learning objectives that deal with the medical basics or with the therapy of the patients.
When disagreements arise, different interests need to be heard and a decision made. At the end of each session, students give each other feedback on the outcomes and progress of the session. When the group is proficient at it, it is a very useful tool to control and constantly improve the learning process in the group.
It is helpful if certain functions for organizing group events are taken on alternately by the participants so that the structures in the group do not solidify and the learning process remains alive. The roles are: moderator, timekeeper, secretary. The moderator opens the session, suggests scheduling, controls the conversation, and leads on to the next step. The timekeeper takes note of the time budgets that the group has given itself and announces when they will be exceeded. In consultation with the group, the secretary records all key points that are important for the work process and, of course, the learning goals.
Is everything better with POL?
Most students of the regular course find POL a good form of learning, but criticize the point in time before the M1 exam. Most of the students in the model course support this form of learning and the practical and patient-oriented structure of the course. What remains is a contradiction in terms:
There is something anarchic about the idea of student self-organization. A curriculum that the teachers of the faculty develop together, on the other hand, is very clearly defined and comprehensible. On the one hand we want the students to think independently and develop their own questions, on the other hand there are defined teaching goals and a suitable training catalogue. The tests must be designed in such a way that they stand up to legal scrutiny. In this tense relationship between: “What actually interests me about the case?” and: “What is required of me in the examination?”, the POL group balances through the individual sessions.
The weekly timetable with the accompanying courses provides orientation, but at least at the beginning the students’ insecurity is great.
If questions arise such as: “Am I learning the right things?”, “Am I learning enough?”, the tutors, the students in the higher semesters and the team of the office for study reform offer assistance, advice and further training (learning to learn) so that the students can master their studies with commitment and success.
There is now a consensus that a purely self-directed, problem-oriented course is not effective. However, problem-oriented learning as a method is a very useful addition to the classic forms of teaching and is therefore becoming increasingly widespread – not only in medicine.
health
Why should pharmacy students look for experiential learning programs?

Pharmacy is a highly dynamic and evolving field. This field is constantly changing with the introduction of new medications and treatments. With pharmaceutical companies and government organizations investing more money and resources in research and development, pharmacists must stay on top of their game to be relevant in a highly competitive marketplace.
Pursuing a career in pharmacy requires an in-depth understanding of the science of drugs, disease management, and patient care. While acquiring knowledge through textbooks and lectures is essential, experiential learning can significantly impact a student’s career as a pharmacist.
Experiential learning refers to learning by doing, where students apply theoretical concepts to real-life situations. This allows pharmacy students to gain practical experience and develop essential skills that cannot be taught in a classroom. As a result, many universities are adopting structured experiential learning approaches that follow Kolb’s experiential learning theory. As a result, learning becomes more engaging and interactive. It benefits students and paves the way for a more impactful career as a pharmacist.
If you are keen to boost your career prospects as a pharmacist, looking for a university that offers experiential learning opportunities is prudent. The University of Findlay offers a distance Doctor of Pharmacy program that combines synchronous and asynchronous learning with experiential learning. This online pharmacy degree facilitates interactive learning experiences in students’ communities while they are supervised by licensed pharmacists. The degree covers IPPE and APPE programs so that students acquire the knowledge, skills, expertise, and confidence to become innovative and versatile pharmacists. Findlay’s placement team assists students in locating experiential learning opportunities and preceptors where they can use their classroom learning to develop and hone their pharmacy competencies.
In case you are still skeptical about experiential learning in pharmacy education, here are some compelling benefits you cannot ignore or cast aside.
Develops practical skills
Experiential learning helps students develop practical skills that are vital in the field of pharmacy. These skills include communication, critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making. When students are exposed to real-life situations, they learn how to communicate effectively with patients, physicians, and other healthcare providers. They also learn how to analyze and solve complex problems like drug interactions and adverse reactions. This is essential to ensure that patients receive the best possible care.
Improves clinical judgment
This mode of learning offers numerous opportunities for pharmacy students to apply their theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. As a result, it helps them develop their clinical judgment. In pharmacy, clinical judgment refers to the ability to make sound decisions based on patient data, medical history, and other relevant information. Through experiential learning, students learn how to make informed decisions that are evidence-based and patient-centered to ensure quality care.
Enhances teamwork
Teamwork is crucial in pharmacy practice, as pharmacists collaborate with other pharmacists and healthcare providers. Experiential learning enables pharmacy students to work with interdisciplinary teams, as in a professional setting. In a healthcare setting, pharmacists collaborate with physicians, nurses, and other healthcare providers to ensure that patients receive comprehensive care. Through experiential learning, students learn how to collaborate effectively with other healthcare providers for optimal treatment outcomes.
Provides networking opportunities
When you study to become a pharmacist, you have to complete a fixed number of hours of IPPE and APPE rotations. As stated earlier, when you choose experiential learning, you can complete these hours at sites of your choice and in the presence of preceptors. This enables you to establish professional connections in the field of pharmacy. You can work with pharmacists, physicians, and other healthcare providers. If you are good at what you do during your experiential learning rotations, it can lead to job opportunities and other career advancements.
Exposure to different pharmacy settings
The pharmacy programs that emphasize experiential learning do not restrict students to classroom knowledge. Through on-campus immersions and experiential learning opportunities, students get exposed to a variety of pharmacy settings in community pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics. This exposure helps students better understand the different roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in different settings. It also helps students identify their areas of interest and passion. Once that is done, students can choose their career path and thrive.
Improves confidence
When you can apply theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios, it makes you confident and professional. Both these traits are essential in the field of pharmacy. Through experiential learning, you learn how to interact with healthcare providers and patients. You learn the skills to handle difficult situations, such as medication errors or patient complaints. This enables you to become more confident and act more professionally when you begin working as a pharmacist. You will not get flustered when things do not go as planned.
Promotes lifelong learning
Experiential learning promotes lifelong learning. In the world of pharmacies, things are never stationary. There are constant innovations and changes. Through experiential learning, you learn how to keep up-to-date with the latest research and advancements in pharmacy practice. You also learn how to adapt to changes in the field and continuously improve your skills and knowledge so that you are better, more efficient, and more effective in your work.
Fosters innovation
As a pharmacist, you do not have to accept things as they are. If you notice a problem, you can devise creative ways to resolve it. One of the key benefits of experiential learning is that it encourages students to think creatively and come up with out-of-the-box solutions to problems. This mindset is valuable as a pharmacist as you can look for novel ways to improve the efficiency of your pharmacy and better serve patients.
Builds leadership skills
You do not have to always be at the bottom of the rung when working as a pharmacist. You can take on leadership roles with the right skills, knowledge, and expertise. Experiential learning allows you to work with interdisciplinary teams and hone your communication skills and patient-handling abilities. These are essential when managing pharmacy operations. When you perform optimally, it leads to advancement in your role as a pharmacist.
There is no doubt that experiential learning is a valuable tool for pharmacy students. It enables them to enhance their clinical judgment and gain practical skills to prepare them for a successful and rewarding career.
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Gastroscopy Clinic, Singapore: What to Expect Before, During, and After Your Appointment

Have you been experiencing digestive issues and wondering if a gastroscopy procedure is right for you? Check out our website for more information: https://alpinesurgical.sg/, and get the opinion of an experienced colon doctor today.
Gastroscopy is a medical procedure used to examine the interior of the gastrointestinal tract. It can help diagnose a range of issues.
Whether you’re considering a gastroscopy for the first time or are already familiar with the procedure, it’s essential to know what to expect before, during, and after your appointment. This guide will provide a comprehensive look to help you understand the entire process, from start to finish. Let’s dive in!
What to Expect Before Your Gastroscopy Appointment
A gastroscopy procedure is a medical procedure, and just like any other medical procedure, it requires preparation. Before your gastroscopy appointment, it’s important to prepare physically and mentally to ensure the procedure goes smoothly and minimize potential risks. Your doctor will provide specific instructions, but the following is a quick overview to help you get started.
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Preparing Physically and Mentally
To prepare physically for your gastroscopy procedure, you may be asked to stop taking certain medications. You’ll also be requested to fast for a certain period, usually six hours before the procedure.
It’s also essential to hydrate adequately before the procedure to help make the process as comfortable as possible. Mentally, it’s important to have a positive attitude and to trust that a team of experienced professionals will perform the procedure.
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What to Bring to your Appointment
When you go to your gastroscopy appointment, you should bring a list of your current medications and any relevant medical records. You should also bring a form of identification and insurance information if you have any.
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Any dietary restrictions to follow?
You may be asked to follow specific dietary restrictions before your appointment. For example, you may be asked to avoid certain types of foods or drinks like alcohol for example, for a certain period. Your doctor will provide you with specific instructions, and it’s important to follow these instructions to minimize potential risks and ensure the best possible outcome.
What to Expect During Your Gastroscopy Procedure
During a gastroscopy procedure, a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is used to examine the inside of your esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. The endoscope is inserted through your mouth and into your gastrointestinal tract, allowing the doctor to get a clear view of the inside.
The procedure usually lasts between 15 to 30 minutes, and the duration will depend on the complexity of your case. The staff at your gastroscopy clinic in Singapore will play a crucial role in ensuring the success of the procedure.
Make sure you choose a clinic with experienced professionals trained in performing gastroscopies and equipped with state-of-the-art technology. The staff should provide you with clear instructions and make sure you’re comfortable throughout the entire process.
In terms of anesthesia, you may be given either local anesthesia to numb your throat or general anesthesia to put you to sleep. Your doctor will discuss the options with you and help you determine which one is best based on your medical history and the complexity of the procedure.
What to Expect After Your Gastroscopy Procedure
After your gastroscopy procedure, you can expect to feel some discomfort, such as a sore throat or bloating, but these symptoms usually resolve within a day or two. Also, it is normal to experience some bloating or gas after the procedure, so your doctor may advise you to stick to a bland diet for a day or two to allow your digestive system to recover.
You may also be advised to avoid certain foods or drinks that can irritate your digestive system, such as spicy foods, coffee, and alcohol. Over time, you can gradually resume your normal diet.
You may also have some mild cramping or abdominal pain, but these symptoms should subside quickly as well. Your doctor will provide instructions on managing any discomfort you may experience and when you should follow up for a check-up.
In most cases, you’ll be able to resume your normal activities soon after the procedure. However, your doctor may advise you to avoid certain activities for some time. It’s important to listen to your body and rest if you need to. You may need to avoid driving for a specified period after the procedure, as the effects of the anesthesia can last for several hours.
When to Call Your Doctor after Gastroscopy
After your gastroscopy procedure, it’s important to be mindful of any potential complications that may arise. While most people experience only minor discomfort after the procedure, it’s always best to be vigilant and know when to seek medical attention. Some of the signs that you should call your doctor after a gastroscopy procedure include:
- Persistent abdominal pain: If you experience abdominal pain that lasts longer than a day or two after your procedure, it could signify a more serious problem. Contact your doctor as soon as possible to discuss your symptoms and to determine what steps you should take next.
- Difficulty swallowing: If you have trouble swallowing or feel like something is stuck in your throat, this could be a sign of a complication from your gastroscopy procedure. Contact your doctor immediately to determine the cause of your symptoms and to get the treatment you need.
- Fever: If you have a fever after your gastroscopy procedure, it could be a sign of an infection. This is particularly concerning if the fever persists for more than a day or two. Contact your doctor right away to discuss your symptoms and determine what steps you should take next.
- Persistent bloating or gas: While it’s normal to experience some bloating or gas after a gastroscopy procedure, if these symptoms persist for more than a few days, it could be a sign of a more serious problem. Contact your doctor to discuss your symptoms and determine the best way forward.
It’s always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to your health. If you experience any symptoms that you’re concerned about, don’t hesitate to contact your doctor. They’re there to help you, and they will be able to advise you on what steps you should take next.
Wrapping Up
The gastroscopy procedure is a safe and effective way to diagnose and treat various digestive problems. Understanding what to expect before, during, and after your appointment can make you feel more confident and prepared as you move forward with this important medical test.
Don’t wait to take control of your digestive health. Book your appointment at Alpine Surgical Practice today and experience exceptional care and cutting-edge treatments. Call or email us now to get started! Visit us at:
Alpine Surgical Practice | Colorectal Screening | Colonoscopy | Hernia Singapore
3 Mount Elizabeth,
#17-16 Medical Centre,
Singapore 228510
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Why Traveling for Addiction Rehab Can Be the Best Decision You Make

Have you tried local rehab programs, support groups, therapy sessions, but found that they weren’t helpful in your efforts to recover? Although there is no shortage of reasons why people don’t succeed in recovery, maybe it’s because you’re looking too close to home for a solution. For some individuals, the best option for rehab may be to travel long distances to attend a facility that offers specialized treatment.
Whether you attend a luxury rehab in Hawaii, California, Florida, or even overseas, you’ll find that going the distance has many advantages. Not sure you’re ready to travel hundreds, if not thousands of miles away from home to overcome your addiction? Continue reading to learn more about why traveling long-distance could be the best decision you ever make.
New Environment, New Perspective
When a person travels to a new place, they are exposed to new experiences, cultures, and ways of life. This exposure can help an individual see things in a new light and gain a fresh perspective. When attending rehab in a new environment, patients are removed from their daily stressors and triggers, allowing them to focus solely on their recovery.
This new environment can be beneficial in helping individuals break old habits and form new ones. While one might assume relapse is imminent once you complete the treatment program, the life skills and healthy habits you learn in rehab will help you adjust once you return home.
Specialized Treatment
Not all addiction rehab programs are the same. Some facilities offer specialized treatment that is not available in all locations. For example, some rehab centers may focus on a specific type of addiction, such as alcoholism or drug addiction. Other facilities may offer alternative therapies such as art therapy, equine therapy, music therapy, animal therapy, or mindfulness meditation.
Traveling long distances can give individuals access to these specialized treatment options that may not be available in their local area. For instance, if you live in a metropolitan area like NYC, going for a mountain hike or meditating on a beach may not be an option. However, going to a luxury rehab in a serene environment like Hawaii will give you access to nature in a whole new way.
Increased Confidentiality
For some individuals, maintaining confidentiality during rehab is essential. Traveling long distances for addiction treatment can provide an added layer of privacy, as patients can attend a facility where they are unlikely to run into people they know. This increased privacy can give individuals the confidence to seek the help they need without fear of judgment or stigma.
Better Focus on Recovery
When attending rehab close to home, patients may be distracted by family obligations, work commitments, and other responsibilities. Traveling long distances can help individuals focus solely on their recovery without the distractions of everyday life. This focus can increase the chances of success in the rehab program and help individuals develop long-term recovery strategies.
Supportive Community
Rehab programs provide a supportive community of individuals who are going through similar experiences. When traveling long distances for rehab, patients have the opportunity to meet new people who can offer support and encouragement. This community can be especially beneficial for individuals who may not have a supportive network at home.
Opportunity for Self-Discovery
Traveling long distances for rehab can provide individuals with an opportunity for self-discovery. When attending a rehab program in a new environment, individuals are forced to step out of their comfort zones and confront their fears and insecurities. This process can be challenging but can also lead to personal growth and self-awareness.
Conclusion
In conclusion, traveling long distances for addiction rehab can be a beneficial decision for individuals seeking recovery from addiction. A new environment can provide a fresh perspective, while specialized treatment options can offer more effective treatment. Increased confidentiality and focus on recovery, as well as a supportive community, can help individuals achieve long-term recovery success.
Finally, traveling long distances can offer individuals the opportunity for self-discovery and personal growth. If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction, consider exploring long-distance rehab options.
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StretcHeal ingredients: Are they safe and effective?

Finding a safe and reliable stretch mark cream among the numerous available on the market may be a daunting task. It’s possible that certain topical treatments include irritating chemicals or synthetic substances. Therefore, pick a stretch mark cream that is not only effective but also made from all-natural ingredients. Those who are searching for a risk-free and efficient method to lessen the visibility of stretch marks may find relief in using a natural stretch mark cream. These lotions include all-natural components that have been found to lessen the visibility of stretch marks, including shea butter, cocoa butter, jojoba oil, and vitamin E. As an added bonus, using a natural stretch mark lotion will make your skin appear and feel younger and smoother overall.
It’s important to choose a stretch mark lotion that uses all-natural components that has been shown to be successful in clinical trials. StretcHeal is one such product; it’s a stretch mark cream made with a special mix of peptides and amino acids shown to increase collagen synthesis and skin suppleness while still using only natural ingredients. To lessen the visibility of stretch marks and boost skin suppleness, use a natural stretch mark lotion like StretcHeal. Regular usage of these creams may help you achieve a smoother, more youthful appearance by enhancing your skin’s texture and tone. Natural stretch mark creams may be a good option if you’re seeking for a safe and effective solution to lessen the visibility of stretch marks.
Understanding the Science of Skin Elasticity
Elasticity of the skin is a hallmark of healthy, young skin. This term describes the skin’s capacity to undergo stretching and subsequent relaxation without being stretched out or wrinkled. Loss of skin elasticity is a natural part of aging and is caused by a combination of factors, including heredity, lifestyle choices, and the environment. The key to keeping our skin healthy and appearing young is understanding the physics underlying skin elasticity. Collagen and elastin are the major proteins responsible for skin’s suppleness. Elastin and collagen are both proteins found in skin, however elastin is responsible for the skin’s elasticity and resilience. These proteins collaborate to keep the skin from sagging and wrinkle-free.
Collagen and elastin production decline with age, resulting in lax skin. Loss of skin elasticity may also be caused by other lifestyle factors including smoking, sun exposure, and improper diet. Damage to collagen and elastin fibers caused by exposure to sunlight may accelerate the aging process and cause skin to droop prematurely. Skin elasticity is maintained in part by amino acids and peptides. Collagen and elastin are two examples of proteins that are made up of amino acids. Collagen formation and skin elasticity may be enhanced by using peptides, which are short chains of amino acids.
Hyaluronic acid is also essential for the suppleness of the skin. To maintain the skin supple and moist, the body produces a chemical called hyaluronic acid. Dryness and a lack of suppleness are the results of a decline in hyaluronic acid synthesis that comes with aging. Collagen, elastin, amino acids, peptides, and hyaluronic acid are all included in anti-aging skincare products that may be applied topically to the skin to increase its elasticity and decrease the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. These chemicals are used in StretcHeal, a skincare product designed to improve skin’s elasticity and lessen the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Understanding The Role Of Peptides And Amino Acids In Skin Elasticity
Protein building blocks like peptides and amino acids are essential for supple skin. Collagen and elastin fiber production declines with age, causing skin to become thinner and less elastic. Stimulating their synthesis with peptides and amino acids results in more elastic skin. Human skin’s structure and support are largely attributable to collagen, the body’s most abundant protein. Proteins like collagen have amino acids as their building ingredients. Collagen degradation results in the release of peptides that encourage collagen synthesis. Peptides, when applied topically, may also encourage collagen development.
Another protein essential to skin suppleness is elastin. Because of the elastin fibers in our skin, it may stretch and then return to its former form. Elastin, like collagen, is an amino acid polymer. Three amino acids, glycine, proline, and lysine, are especially crucial for making elastin. Peptides and amino acids not only assist increase skin moisture, but they also help stimulate collagen and elastin formation. Hyaluronic acid is a chemical that plays a role in keeping the skin’s moisture levels stable. Sugar and an amino acid termed glucuronic acid form repeating units to form this polymer. Peptides released during hyaluronic acid degradation in the skin have been shown to promote the synthesis of new hyaluronic acid molecules.
Clinical Studies On The Effectiveness Of StretcHeal Ingredients
Several human clinical trials have proven that StretcHeal’s all-natural ingredients are highly effective, based on StretcHeal reviews. Some of the major results are as follows:
Shea Butter:
Shea butter helps reduce inflammation and boost the skin’s barrier function, according to a research published in the International Journal. Shea butter has been shown to reduce the visibility of stretch marks in a separate research published in the Journal of Oleo Science by boosting collagen formation and enhancing skin suppleness.
Cocoa Butter:
Cocoa butter has been shown to increase skin moisture and suppleness in a research published in the Journal. Cocoa butter, according to another research published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science, may lessen the visibility of stretch marks by enhancing the skin’s elasticity and tone.
Avocado Oil:
Avocado oil may reduce inflammation and boost skin barrier function, according to research published in the Journal. Avocado oil has been shown to increase skin hydration and minimize the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, according to a research published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology.
Jojoba Oil:
Jojoba oil may reduce inflammation and boost skin barrier function, according to a research published in the Journal. Jojoba oil has been shown to increase skin hydration and minimize the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles in another research published in the Journal of Dermatological Science.
Vitamin E:
Vitamin E’s ability to shield skin from UV damage and boost barrier function was recently studied and published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology. Vitamin E was shown to be effective in a separate trial, this one published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, for increasing skin moisture and decreasing wrinkle depth.
health
Role of psychiatric nurses in addiction treatment

Addiction is a chronic and complex condition characterized by compulsive substance abuse. Substance abuse disorder is a type of addiction where the individual is specifically misusing drugs or alcohol. According to drug abuse statistics, there have been nearly 1 million drug overdose deaths since the year 2000. As of 2020, there are 37.309 illegal drug users aged 12 and above. In terms of treatment, nurses are often most suited to help patients with substance abuse disorders.
Psychiatric nurses play a crucial role in addiction treatment and management of patients with substance abuse disorders. They work in collaboration with others in an interdisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, which includes physicians, social workers, and addiction counselors. Nurses and other healthcare professionals can collaborate to provide comprehensive care to their patients. They can help in the form of psychosocial interventions, monitoring medication adherence and their side effects, ensuring patient safety, and addressing co-occurring mental health disorders.
Unlike other mental healthcare professionals such as social workers, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners have different training. Most nurse practitioners in this role are more likely to explore environmental factors in mental health and develop stronger interpersonal relationships for treatment. They cannot provide complex treatments, such as prescribing medication, but they can help patients manage their medications.
Importance of psychiatric nurses in addiction treatment
Psychiatric nurses or professional Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners (PMHNPs) are vital in addiction treatment. They have specialized training and knowledge and possess a unique set of skills that can assist in providing comprehensive care to patients with substance abuse disorders. It is a role that requires not only technical knowledge and skills but also dedication and mental fortitude.
If an individual is interested in becoming a psychiatric nurse and has a passion for mental healthcare, a PMC-Psych Mental Health NP provides options for acquiring relevant skills and qualifications. One of these options is a post-masters nursing certificate from Spring Arbor University, which can be a vital step in reaching your desired role in the nursing profession. This is an online program that offers professionals an opportunity to continue learning while working in their jobs.
One of the primary roles of psychiatric nurses in addiction and substance abuse disorder treatment is to have a thorough understanding of the condition and its impact on a person’s life. By understanding the complexities of addiction, psychiatric nurses can offer individualized treatment plans addressing the specific needs of each patient.
Collaboration with interdisciplinary team members is another critical aspect when it comes to addiction treatment. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners work closely with physicians, addiction counselors, social workers, and other healthcare professionals. Collaboration helps in ensuring that patients are receiving the best possible care. A holistic approach such as this can result in better treatment outcomes and improved patient satisfaction.
Psychiatric nurses also provide psychosocial interventions for addiction and substance abuse disorders. They provide counseling and therapy and support patients in managing their substance cravings and creating healthy coping strategies with the stress that comes with them. These psychological interventions can help addiction patients accomplish and maintain long-term recovery.
Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners play an important role in monitoring medication adherence in addiction treatment plans. If patients are receiving medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for their condition, nurses have a responsibility to ensure that the medications are taken and check for any side effects. They also ensure that the patients are getting the right medications and the correct dosage.
Ensuring patient safety is also an essential part of the psychiatric nurse’s role in addiction treatment. Patients with addiction and any substance abuse disorder may harm themselves or others when in recovery. Psychiatric nurses must be cautious in monitoring patient behavior and offer appropriate interventions to prevent any self-harm.
Lastly, while these are the addiction-specific treatment roles, psychiatric nurses also are vital for addressing any other mental health disorders occurring in parallel. Patients with substance abuse disorders often have underlying mental health conditions that require specialized care. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners can assess, diagnose, and treat these conditions as they can have a significant impact on the overall addiction treatment outcomes.
Strategies for supporting patients with substance abuse disorders
Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners utilize many different strategies to support and treat patients with addiction and substance abuse disorders. Every patient may not need the same set of strategies on their road to recovery. Here are some of the strategies that they might commonly use.
Building rapport and trust
First and foremost, it is crucial to establish a strong therapeutic relationship with patients. Building trust and rapport can assist in the recovery journey. Psychiatric nurses can construct a non-judgmental and empathetic environment that fosters open communication and honesty.
Providing education about addiction and recovery
Education goes a long way in managing addiction and any substance abuse disorder. Educating patients about addiction, recovery, and treatment protocols is essential for their recovery. This can include educating them about the effects of substances on mental health, the significance of medication adherence, and the benefits of relying on support groups and therapy.
Early screening and identification
Just like most diseases and disorders, early identification and assessment of substance abuse disorders is vital for effective treatment. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners can use standardized screening tools and assessments to identify patients with substance abuse disorders. This way, they will be able to develop tailored treatment plans for patients’ specific needs.
Developing individual treatment plans
Not all patients are the same. Each patient’s treatment plan should reflect their uniqueness and individual needs. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners develop plans for patients that may include medication-assisted treatment, therapy, and other supportive interventions.
Encouraging participation in support groups and other recovery resources
Psychiatric nurses should encourage their patients to work with support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous. These support groups can be instrumental in the recovery journey of a patient through participation and through sharing other available resources in the community.
Addressing stigma and barriers to treatment
While it has improved, there is still a certain level of stigma and shame attached to addiction. This stigma prevents individuals from seeking out therapy and other assistance while they are suffering from addiction or any other substance abuse disorder. Psychiatric nurses can work to address stigma by encouraging a positive and empathetic view of addiction and recovery. They can also work on identifying and addressing any potential barriers to treatment, such as lack of insurance or transportation.
Incorporating family and social support
The road to recovery can be long and tedious, and it cannot be completed without the support of friends and family. Psychiatric nurses must involve patients’ family members and close social groups in the treatment process as they can provide additional support and encouragement.
Trauma-informed care
Many individuals with substance abuse disorders and addiction have experienced trauma, such as childhood abuse or neglect. Psychiatric nurses must offer trauma-informed care that identifies the impact of trauma on patients. They should tailor their treatment approach to meet the patient’s unique requirements.
Alternative therapies in addiction treatment
Advancements and research in addiction treatment have shown the effectiveness of alternative therapies in the recovery journey. Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, yoga, and meditation, can be effective in lowering stress and promoting relaxation. These treatments can help addiction-afflicted individuals with substance abuse disorders manage their symptoms more effectively. Psychiatric nurses can include these alternative therapies in treatment plans to offer holistic care to patients.
Challenges in addiction treatment
While they play a crucial role in addiction treatment, psychiatric nurses can face several challenges in their work.
Stigma and misconceptions about addiction
There are some typical stigmas and misconceptions associated with substance abuse disorders and addiction. This can make it difficult for psychiatric nurse practitioners to assist patients with their treatment. Nurses may face negative responses from their colleagues, patients, or patients’ families, which can impact the quality of care that they can provide.
Burnout
Addiction treatment can be emotionally taxing for psychiatric nurses and other healthcare professionals. Burnout and compassion fatigue are common in this field. Psychiatric mental health nurses must prioritize self-care and access support when needed.
Covid-19
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the healthcare industry, including addiction treatment. Many individuals are experiencing increased stress and isolation, leading to substance abuse. Psychiatric nurses have had to adapt to new challenges and working conditions, such as telehealth and virtual support groups, to continue providing care to patients during the pandemic.
Opportunities for professional growth and development
Addiction and substance abuse disorder treatment is a constantly evolving field. There are many opportunities for psychiatric nurses and other healthcare professionals to work on developing new skills and knowledge. Specialized training programs, workshops, conferences, and continuing education online courses can help psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners stay up to date with the latest advancements in treatment.
Advancements in addiction treatment research and technology
Advances in addiction treatment research and technology can offer new opportunities for psychiatric nurses to provide innovative and effective care to patients with substance abuse disorders.
Conclusion
Psychiatric nurses, including psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners, play a fundamental role in addiction treatment. They provide comprehensive care that addresses complicated patient requirements. Nurses can use their knowledge, skills, and training to implement different strategies to help patients in their recovery journey, including building rapport and trust, providing education, developing personalized treatment plans, and addressing stigma and barriers to treatment.
However, nurses also face challenges such as burnout and stigma when working to help patients in their treatment and recovery journey. Everyone must recognize the role psychiatric nurses play in addiction and substance abuse disorder treatment so that they can get the necessary support and resources to provide the best possible care to patients. A proper support and recognition system for psychiatric nurses in addiction treatment can help in improving addiction treatment outcomes and helping individuals achieve long-term recovery.
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